Agent Foskett Academy • SOC Analyst Academy • Module 4 • Lesson 38 • Endpoint Incidents: Following the Attack Chain

Lesson 38 — The Account Logged On to Another Device Minutes Later

The investigation had reached a dangerous point.

The suspicious process had executed, contacted an external IP, created persistence and then interacted unexpectedly with LSASS.

Three minutes later, the affected account appeared on another workstation.

That did not prove lateral movement — but it created a new hypothesis the SOC could not ignore.

Agent Foskett now had to determine whether the second logon was normal user activity, an expected administrative connection, or evidence that the attacker had moved beyond the original endpoint.

A second-device logon is not proof of lateral movement. Timing, logon type, source, process activity and user context must tell the story.
Agent Foskett investigating possible lateral movement between Windows endpoints
The incident may have left the first device

Follow the account across endpoint logons, identify the source and destination, examine logon type and then investigate what happened on the second device.

✓ Follow the account across devices
✓ Interpret logon types and source IPs
✓ Investigate the destination endpoint
✓ Test the lateral-movement hypothesis

Case briefing

10:16:02 unexpected LSASS access on WS-FIN-044 ↓ 10:19:11 alex.wilson logs on to WS-HR-021 ↓ SOURCE WS-FIN-044 / internal network ↓ NEW DEVICE WS-HR-021 THE QUESTION Did the user legitimately move to another workstation? OR Did the attacker use credentials from the first device to move laterally?

Investigation objective

Determine whether the second-device logon represents expected user behaviour or possible lateral movement, identify the source and destination context, and investigate activity that followed on the new endpoint.

Investigator's rule

Movement is a sequence, not a single event. A logon becomes meaningful when you understand where it came from, how it authenticated and what happened next.

Stage 1 — follow the account across devices

01-account-logon-timeline.kql
12345 678910111213
let TargetAccount = "alex.wilson";
DeviceLogonEvents
| where Timestamp > ago(24h)
| where AccountName =~ TargetAccount
| project Timestamp,
          DeviceName,
          ActionType,
          LogonType,
          AccountDomain,
          AccountName,
          RemoteIP,
          RemoteDeviceName
| order by Timestamp asc

Build the sequence first

Do not begin by deciding the second logon is malicious. Establish the account's normal and abnormal device activity around the incident window.

Time proximity matters

A new-device logon only minutes after suspicious credential-access activity deserves priority, but timing alone still does not establish causation.

Stage 2 — understand the logon context

EvidenceQuestion for the analyst
LogonTypeWas this interactive, remote, network-based or another expected authentication pattern?
RemoteIPDid the connection originate from the compromised endpoint, a known management host or somewhere else?
RemoteDeviceNameCan the source endpoint be identified directly?
Destination deviceIs the second device one the user normally accesses?
TimestampHow closely does the logon follow the credential-access event?

Do not overinterpret logon types

A logon type helps describe how authentication occurred, but it must be interpreted with source, destination and environmental context.

Remote IP can connect the devices

If the destination logon records an address associated with the original compromised endpoint, the lateral-movement hypothesis becomes stronger.

Stage 3 — investigate the destination device

02-destination-device-processes.kql
12345 67891011 12131314
let TargetDevice = "WS-HR-021";
let StartTime = datetime(2026-08-25 10:18:30);
let EndTime   = datetime(2026-08-25 10:30:00);
DeviceProcessEvents
| where DeviceName =~ TargetDevice
| where Timestamp between (StartTime .. EndTime)
| project Timestamp,
          AccountName,
          FileName,
          ProcessCommandLine,
          InitiatingProcessFileName,
          InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
          SHA1
| order by Timestamp asc

What happened after authentication?

Look for command shells, PowerShell, remote-management tools, service creation, discovery commands or other activity that would be unusual for the user.

The destination becomes part of the incident

If suspicious execution follows the new logon, preserve the second device's evidence and treat it as a new investigation pivot.

Stage 4 — correlate account and process activity

WS-FIN-044 suspicious execution ↓ external connection ↓ persistence ↓ LSASS access ↓ ACCOUNT: alex.wilson ↓ NEW LOGON ↓ WS-HR-021 ↓ NEW PROCESS ACTIVITY ↓ POSSIBLE LATERAL MOVEMENT

One timeline, two endpoints

The incident timeline now crosses device boundaries. Keep the timestamps in one chronological sequence rather than investigating each endpoint as an unrelated case.

Do not lose the identity pivot

The account connects the two devices. Continue following it while also examining endpoint evidence on both systems.

Stage 5 — search for unusual processes under the account

03-account-process-hunt.kql
123456789101112
let TargetAccount = "alex.wilson";
DeviceProcessEvents
| where Timestamp > ago(24h)
| where AccountName =~ TargetAccount
| project Timestamp,
          DeviceName,
          FileName,
          ProcessCommandLine,
          InitiatingProcessFileName,
          InitiatingProcessCommandLine,
          SHA1
| order by Timestamp asc

Compare both devices

Repeated command lines, hashes or process patterns across the original and destination endpoints can provide strong correlation.

Normal user processes matter too

If the second device shows only expected interactive applications and the user routinely works there, that evidence may weaken the lateral-movement hypothesis.

Stage 6 — test competing explanations

HypothesisEvidence to validate
Normal user movementUser confirmation, historical access to the destination device, expected logon type and normal applications.
Administrative activityApproved support action, known management source, change record and expected tooling.
Automated service activityKnown service account behaviour, recurring pattern and expected destination.
Lateral movementCompromised source device, suspicious credential access, unusual destination logon and follow-on execution.

User confirmation is useful, not final

If the user says they did not access the second device, that is important evidence. Continue validating the technical record before documenting the conclusion.

Historical behaviour is powerful context

Check whether the account commonly logs on to the destination device. First-seen or rare device access can increase investigative priority.

Stage 7 — hunt for the account across the environment

04-account-device-scope.kql
12345678910
let TargetAccount = "alex.wilson";
DeviceLogonEvents
| where Timestamp > ago(7d)
| where AccountName =~ TargetAccount
| summarize
    Logons=count(),
    FirstSeen=min(Timestamp),
    LastSeen=max(Timestamp)
    by DeviceName, LogonType, RemoteIP
| order by LastSeen desc

Look beyond the second device

If credentials are being used for movement, there may already be a third or fourth endpoint involved. Scope the account before assuming the incident stops at WS-HR-021.

Preserve source and destination

For each suspicious logon, record the account, source, destination, timestamp and logon context so the movement path can be reconstructed later.

Stage 8 — make the SOC decision

NEW DEVICE LOGON ↓ FOLLOW ACCOUNT TIMELINE ↓ IDENTIFY SOURCE + DESTINATION ↓ INTERPRET LOGON CONTEXT ↓ INVESTIGATE DESTINATION DEVICE ↓ CHECK FOLLOW-ON PROCESSES ↓ COMPARE WITH USER BASELINE ↓ HUNT ACCOUNT ACROSS DEVICES ↓ CONFIRM / REJECT / ESCALATE LATERAL-MOVEMENT HYPOTHESIS
The strongest conclusion comes from correlation: suspicious credential access on one endpoint, an unusual account logon to another, and unexplained activity immediately afterwards.

Write the investigation finding

ENDPOINT INVESTIGATION FINDING At 10:19:11, the account alex.wilson authenticated to WS-HR-021 approximately three minutes after suspicious LSASS-related activity on WS-FIN-044. The destination logon was unusual for the account during the reviewed baseline period. Follow-on process activity on WS-HR-021 requires investigation and the source context is consistent with the existing incident. DECISION Expand the incident to WS-HR-021 and escalate for possible lateral movement. REASON The new-device authentication occurs immediately after possible credential access and extends the evidence-backed attack timeline beyond the original endpoint.

Lesson 38 key takeaways

  • A second-device logon does not automatically prove lateral movement.
  • Follow the affected account across DeviceLogonEvents.
  • Record source, destination, timestamp and logon context.
  • Interpret logon type together with environmental evidence.
  • Investigate process activity on the destination device immediately after the logon.
  • Keep one chronological timeline across multiple endpoints.
  • Compare the new device with the user's historical behaviour.
  • Use user statements as evidence but continue technical validation.
  • Hunt the account across the wider environment to establish scope.
  • Escalate when credential-access evidence and unexplained cross-device activity form a coherent attack sequence.

Module 4 — Endpoint Incidents: Following the Attack Chain

Lesson 38 follows the attack chain onto a second endpoint. Next, Agent Foskett reaches the operational decision point: the device needs containment — but what should happen before, during and after isolation?

Next: Lesson 39 — The Device Needed Containment — What Happens Next?

Continue your SOC Analyst training

Module 3 focuses on identity incidents, authentication, MFA, privilege, sessions and application access.

How to investigate lateral movement in Microsoft Defender XDR

Lesson 38 of the Agent Foskett SOC Analyst Academy teaches analysts how to investigate an account logging on to another endpoint after suspicious credential-access activity, using DeviceLogonEvents and DeviceProcessEvents to reconstruct the movement path.

KQL lateral movement investigation for SOC analysts

Learn how to follow an account across endpoints, interpret source and destination context, investigate follow-on process activity and distinguish legitimate cross-device access from possible attacker movement.